J Appl Sports Sci Res 1987 1: 1–10Īmerican College of Sports Medicine. Terminology and measurement in exercise performance. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2001 128: 679–90Ĭheuvront SN, Carter R, Sawka MN. Hydration effects on thermoregulation and performance in the heat. The importance of good hydration for work and exercise performance. Ad libitum fluid intakes and thermoregulatory responses of female distance runners in three environments. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2004 14: 333–46Ĭheuvront SN, Haymes EM. Fluid and electrolyte intake and loss in elite soccer players during training. Work in the heat as affected by intake of water, salt and glucose. Voluntary dehydration and alliesthesia for water. Hubbard RW, Sandick BL, Matthew WT, et al. Changes in several plasma and urinary components in marathon runners. A critical review of the available literature suggests hypohydration limits strength, power and highintensity endurance and, therefore, is an important factor to consider when attempting to maximise muscular performance in athletic, military and industrial settings.īoudou P, Fiet J, Laureaux C, et al. On the other hand, hypohydration might directly affect some component of the neuromuscular system, but this possibility awaits thorough evaluation. The physiological demands of strength, power and high-intensity endurance couple with a lack of scientific support to argue against previous hypotheses that suggest alterations in cardiovascular, metabolic and/or buffering function represent the performance-reducing mechanism of hypohydration. Unfortunately, the relationships between performance decrement and crucial variables such as mode, degree and rate of water loss remain unclear due to a lack of suitably uninfluenced data. After accounting for these factors, hypohydration appears to consistently attenuate strength (by ≈2%), power (by ≈3%) and high-intensity endurance (by ∼10%), suggesting alterations in total body water affect some aspect of force generation. Several subtle methodological choices that exacerbate or attenuate the apparent effects of hypohydration explain much of this variability. Significant scientific evidence documents the deleterious effects of hypohydration (reduced total body water) on endurance exercise performance however, the influence of hypohydration on muscular strength, power and high-intensity endurance (maximal activities lasting >30 seconds but <2 minutes) is poorly understood due to the inconsistent results produced by previous investigations.
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